Essay on The Matrix - 1072 Words

The Matrix The Matrix is a science fiction movie about artificial intelligence computers replacing mankind. I believe that this movie is a common type of display from the media is common paranoia so that they can get a reaction from people and sell their story. In the case of The Matrix, the movie dazzles people with awesome special effects using modern computer technology, which I find ironic. I find it self-conflicting and hypocritical for the media to use modern computer technology for their own good to show people how bad technology is. Amy Bruckman and Howard Rheingold would probably find this movie interesting in that it disagrees and agrees with certain aspects about their beliefs about the use of computers. The Matrix†¦show more content†¦At the end of the movie he does so and saves all of mankind from the A.I. Only a superhero could save the common man from the Matrix. Throughout all of this the watcher of the movie is experiencing the newest and most advanced form of computer, digital computer special effects up to this point in time. I find that the underlined theme of the movie is that A.I. is bad. I also see that the good people in the movie used lots of advanced technology that was not A.I. to help Neo in his quest to defeat the Matrix. So I think that the movie suggests that there is no point in developing technology to great extents because one day it will catch up to us and possibly be the end of us. It seems to me that Rheingold would see no such problem as this in the future and technology could only benefit mankind. He suggests that online communities are good. He designed the Well, which is a place online where people can find chatrooms to find an online community that suits their needs. For example, in his article in Cyberspace he shows how his daughter had a tick and his online community helped him to remove it faster then his doctor could call him back, thereby benefiting his daughter by removing the tick and himself because he needed not pay the doctor to perform the task. Nowhere in his article does he show how there is any bad in online communities. He only shows more specific examples to support his argument. I am not suggestingShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Matrix2824 Words   |  12 Pages The Matrix Interweaves much symbolism, mythology, philosophy, and psychology. On the surface, the movie challenges the dominance of technology in our culture and predicts an apocalyptic result from the use of artificial intelligence. Yet, behind the human struggle for survival is a mythical backdrop upon which are backlit some of C.G. Jungs basic ideas regarding the human psyche. These Jungian ideas include the ego-Self relationship and how it relates to the persona, the shadow, individuation,Read MoreEssay about The Matrix1338 Words   |  6 Pagestantalizing movie, quot;The Matrixquot;, a breed of AI computers takes over the world. It harvests human embryos in laboratories called quot;fieldsquot;. It then feeds them through grim looking tubes and keeps them immersed in gelatinous liquid in cocoons. This new quot;machine speciesquot; derives its energy needs from the electricity produced by the bil lions of human bodies thus preserved. A sophisticated, all-pervasive, computer program called quot;The Matrixquot; generates a quot;worldquot;Read MoreThe Matrix Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast The Matrix with the readings from Plato and Descartes. What are some similarities and differences? An Essay Submitted to Jason Elvis BY Williestine Harriel Liberty University online September 24, 2012 Compare and Contrast The Matrix with the readings from Plato and Descartes. What are some similarities and differences? After reading The Matrix, and reading from Plato and Descartes, I find that there are some similarities and differencesRead MorePlato And The Matrix Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"The Matrix† and Plato’s Phaedo and Republic questions of what makes up a whole and fulfilling life are answered. Both The Matrix and Plato provide alternate forms of reality, one that is based on truth and is fulfilling and one that is based on a false reality that offers false forms of fulfillment. The Matrix and Plato show the difference of living a life in a true reality and a â€Å"fake† reality where everything inside this reality is fake making the lives inside this reality fake. True educationRead MoreEssay about The Matrix1131 Words   |  5 PagesThe Matrix Written and directed by the Wachowski brothers, ‘The Matrix’ is a science fiction film, which was released in the year 1999. It was the first film to use the now famous camera technique of ‘bullet time’ and also introduced wirework martial arts into conventional cinemas. Its vision of the future is similar to other science fiction films such as ‘Men In Black’ with the agents always wearing sunglasses and the idea of man vs. machine\evil. In the openingRead More The Matrix Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pages The Matrix In 1999 directors/writers Larry and Andy Wachowski (Bound) made a dark and often disturbing Science Fiction film, The Matrix. With the production expertise of Joel Silver (Commando, Predator, Lethal Weapon series, and Die Hard series), Andrew Mason (The Crow, Dark City) and Barrie M. Osborne (Face/Off, The Fan, Childs Play), The Matrix is sure to be a favorite among Science Fiction movie fans for years to come. The Matrix won the Oscar award in all four categories it was nominatedRead MoreEssay on The Matrix577 Words   |  3 PagesThe Matrix The Matrix has been doing remarkably well in sales since its release in the cinema last summer and its recent video releases. This is largely due to stylish advertising techniques and word of mouth. The Matrix has been approved by critics who enjoy the film and also the ones who dislike the theme. Among young viewers, it has already achieved great status. So what else is the film about? Firstly the film copies the theme from many popular films that came before it, and involves intelligentRead MoreEssay on There is No Escaping the Matrix1916 Words   |  8 PagesThere is No Escaping the Matrix In the video game world anything is possible, and if your player dies you can always play again. The videogame industry is exploding in the market place; its far from childs play and far from the days of pong. In the most recent issue of Entertainment Weekly (December 6, 2002) there is an article, Video Game Nation, discussing a new video game experience being touted as the wave of the future, The Real World meets The Matrix. In this virtual world called TheRead MoreThe Matrix And The Allegory Of The Cave1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Matrix and the Allegory of the Cave focus on one central idea: What is real?. They engage the audience in a fictional world where people live in false realities without knowing it. They make us question our own knowledge. Their storylines connect in that the protagonist discovers that everything he knows is a big lie and now he must discover the truth. The protagonist is thrown all of the sudden into the real world and then, he continues to seek the ab solute truth. Neo and the prisoner inquireRead MorePlato, Descartes, and the Matrix603 Words   |  3 Pagesthis information as reality. The movie The Matrix is based on the Brain in the Vat. The Matrix, Rene Descartes, Meditation I Of The Things Of Which We May Doubt and Plato’s, â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave,† all hold similarities to the Brain in the Vat; therefore they hold similarities to each other. Although they hold similarities to each other there are also some differences between these three reasons. The similarities between the movie The Matrix, Plato’s cave analogy and Descartes’ Meditation

Legalize Prostitution Essay - 2912 Words

One of the oldest legal debates comes from one of the worlds oldest profession, prostitution, there is no denying that the sex industry has taken international dimensions and is recognized as an economic motor for many countries. As countries around the world debate the merits of legalizing or at least decriminalizing prostitution. The following questions should be addressed. Would legalization reduce some of the inequalities and abuse suffered by the women involved? On the other hand, by legitimizing prostitution, would society reverse decades of work to promote human rights and improve the status of women? On the surface, this looks like a rehashing of a timeless debate. However, it is not. The question is no longer about†¦show more content†¦Latent lesbianism, low intelligence, a home life of abuse, and desperate poverty head the list of possible reasons. Nevertheless, no one has been able to isolate a specific set of social factors that leads to prostitution. Current boo ks by prostitutes and new scientific studies have prompted Vern and Bonnie Burlough, from the book The First Sex, to conclude that prostitution is, largely, simply another occupation(Fisher 208). If in fact, prostitution is looked upon as another occupation, then why not create a win-win situation. Prostitutes would contribute monetarily to society and would have in return rights to health benefits and retirement would be ensured. According to the World Charter For Prostitutes Rights, prostitutes themselves believe that they should pay regular taxes on the same basis as other independent contractors and employees, and should receive the same benefits. As well as being able to contribute to society, prostitutes will be safer under the umbrella of the law. One argument against prostitution is that women and children are forced into the sex trade. Although this can be true, especially in Asia and other third world countries, it should be noted, however, that most prostitutes do not con sider themselves to be victims and claim to freely choose prostitution as their occupation. One prostitute, in the book Vindication of the Rights of Whores insists, They getShow MoreRelatedIs It Time For Legalize Prostitution?1429 Words   |  6 PagesMckenzi Baker Individual and Society II Dr. Hawkins Policy Paper Is it Time to Legalize Prostitution? Research says†¦ One policy issue at the forefront of many discussions is the decision of whether to make prostitution legal. This issue was sparked by a draft from Amnesty International in 2015 proposing to decriminalize â€Å"all aspects of sex work†. There is a myriad of things to evaluate in this argument, including motives, ethics, economy and the list goes on. People prioritize those things differentlyRead MoreShould We Legalize Prostitution Essay2516 Words   |  11 PagesShould we legalize prostitution in the US? The laws regarding prostitution, often called â€Å"the oldest profession in the world†, have been facing changes for many years. They are multiple attitudes regarding prostitution and opinions on the connotation this word should have but the idea people have of sex worker is usually negative. On a legal matter sex work has been discussed many time and laws regarding this act varies around the world. Some countries found this act immoral and think that it shouldRead MoreWhy We Should Legalize Prostitution1843 Words   |  8 Pageslike to explain the reasons why we should legalize prostitution. I will go over the reasons why legalizing and the decriminalization of prostitution would benefit the general public, economy, and the welfare of society. In addition, portray some views from profound philosophers ( John Rawls, and Robert Nozick) which in my research, see to promote the legislation of prostitution. I will also address a number of arguments against the legality of prosti tution that include issues of sex trafficking increasesRead MoreThe United States Of America Should Legalize Prostitution1178 Words   |  5 PagesControversy and Significance Statement(s): Prostitution is a crime in Amreica and criminalizing it is putting more sex workers in jail. Credibility Statement: I have researched and read about prostition. Persuasive Thesis: The United States of America should legalize prostitution. Preview Statement: Today, we’ll will be defining what prostitution is and examining it’s difference from human trafficking. Then, we’ll be examining why we should be legalizing prostitution rather than just decriminalizing itRead MoreThe United States Should Legalize Prostitution2243 Words   |  9 PagesWhether or not the United States should legalize prostitution is a highly debated social, political, ethical, and cultural issue. Prostitution by definition is to engage in sexual activity with someone for payment. Although many countries and even some rural counties in the U.S. have legalized prostitution, it still has dire effects on the women involved and is an immoral and exploitative act. Prostitution is an unethical and immoral act of exploitative, degrading, and abusive work that the UnitedRead MoreMoral Or Immoral ! Should We Legalize Prostitution? Essay952 Words   |  4 Pageswe legalize prostitution? The analysis of the article; Learning from Nevada from the book The State of Sex. Tourism, Sex and Sin in the New American Heartland. Leads me to write about the social values, and moral values that contradict the acceptance of legalizing Prostitution within the United States. My opinion will be opposing the notion of any support in legalizing such immoral acts that threaten the moral fabric of the United States of America. So the issue is whether or not to legalize prostitutionRead MoreShould the United States Legalize Prostitution? Essay1148 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution in its legal sense is defined as sexual intercourse of some kind in exchange for some kind of payment, usually money (Adriaenssens and Hendrickx 665; Perer 826).As of 2013, there are an estimated 1 million to 2 million prostitutes active in the world wide sex work industry today (Adriaenssens and Hendrickx 666). Prostitution is illegal in the United States; however, many experts think that should change. Most European and Asian countries have legalized prostitution (Agustà ­n 74). SomeRead MoreThree Reasons Why Prostituiton Should Not Be Leagalized in China1758 Words   |  7 Pages　　 As one of the oldest jobs, prostitution has a long history to be repeatedly decriminalized and internalized by different countries. In Sumerian Records, the earliest record established in 2400 BC, prostitution had been legalized and supported by government. Same as most countries in this era, government founded brothels established in ancient China, ancient Greece, ancient Roman and so on. Codex Theodosianus established in 438 AD, legalized prostitution and at the same time, asking for taxesRead MoreLegalizing Prostitution : The Pornography Industry Essay1032 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing prostitution will expand the pornography industry. First of all, prostitution and pornography has the relationship in the sex industry activity. This relationship will share the same three factors: a se ller (pimp/producer/manager), a person being sold (prostitute/porn actress/stripper) and a buyer (john/porn viewer/club patron). So what kind of relationship between pornography and prostitution? Has it to be the cause and effect relationship? It s impossible to say definitively that watchingRead MoreProstitution Is A Single Right Definition For Prostitution1167 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution is something that has and always will be existent. It’s legal in many parts of the world and it has always been debated whether or not it should be legalized here in the US. There are many aspects to look when determining whether it is the right or wrong thing to legalize prostitution. But first we have define what exactly is prostitution. There’s not a single right definition for prostitution. We could look at the dictionary definition that’s the transfer of money for sexual activity

Contribution to Operations Management

Questions: Outline the similarities and differences between manufacturing and services in terms of operations management. Identify the competitive priorities (CSFs) in a service organization of your choice. What is the role of the operations manager in ensuring that these CSFs are achieved in the organization? Considering the importance of 'Quality Management', describe how the principles of quality are applied in your organization and how they can potentially contribute to operations management. What Information Systems are used in your organization to support the value chain internal functions and the supply chain? How does technology contribute to achieve competitive advantage? Investigate the types of qualitative forecasting techniques used in your organization. How do senior managers identify the appropriate forecasting technique to use in different circumstances? Do you think these techniques are used appropriately in your organization? Describe the basic layout types for both manufacturing and service facilities, and identify when each is best used. Answers: 1.An Operation Management refers to a set of activity which creates value and change in terms of goods and services through transforming the transformation process of the organization. Operations management maintains design, operation and improvement productivity system of the organization. Manufacturing of operation management refers to a methodology to review the end-to-end process of manufacture with a view for optimizing efficiency. Manufacturing indicates the production of goods produced by the organization which consumer buys in the market. It includes analysis of performance, quality and compliance and Human Machine Interface (HMI). The Service refers to the product which the organization provides to its consumers. Services include a variety of the organizations production which it provides to the customer with specialist knowledge of consulting and accounting (Fitzsimmons 2013) Similarity between Manufacturing and Services Mission Statement: There are various methods in the organization which shows that the service and manufacturing operations are same in nature. Both have creation of mission statements consistently and make a vision to run the organization with a great success for perceiving by customers. Both play an important role in the marketing industry (Bozarth 2016). Production: The similarity of manufacturing and service is not so far. The organization produces both tangible and intangible assets for customers as well as the consumer also helps in the manufacture of these services to the organization where products are usually separated from consumption. Sometimes manufacturing and services operations both involve low interaction of customers by which the company may face difficulties in the production area (Malhotra 2013). Consumption: Both manufacturing and services operations are produced and consumed at a time because having manufactured the goods, the organization further provide this to the consumer as the service by which it can make profit in the market (Krajewski 2013). Interaction of customers: If the production is more, customers should involve more with the organization product. As a result, manufacturing process may take place quickly as well as services are provided at a large quantity to the customers. For this, we can say that manufacturing and services operations are similar in nature (Ritzman 2013). Difference between Manufacturing and Services Critical Attributes: Most of the services can define as an interaction which is physical and social in nature. The interaction between the service provider and the manufacture indicates a critical attributes of services at the time of production of goods in the organization (Spalanzani 2012). Psychological Utilities: The service is an act, performance, deeds or a relationship which creates Psychological and time utilities for customers. On the other hand, manufacture does not create such type of utility in the organization (Gunasekaran 2012). Production: Basically, manufacturing includes physical products whereas services of operations include intangible products. The manufacturing product can be inventoried. However, the services product cannot be inventoried. These are the basic difference between manufacturing and the service operations. As there are some similarities of production in terms of manufacturing and the service process, the method of production is different because the manufacturing goods are produced on long responsive time whereas the services indicates short responsive time in the organization (Handfield 2016). Time consumption: The manufacturing of operations management includes long responsive time an intensive capital whereas the service includes short responsive time as well as labor intensive. Manufacturing involves low contact customer but services involved high customer contact in the organization (McAdam 2013). 2.Identification of Competitive Priorities (CSF) in the Organization Competitive Priorities are a critical and operational dimension which the organization and supply chain must possess to maintain the competition in the market. Identification of Critical Success Factors (SCFs) refers to a most important outcome at the time of evaluation of SWOT analysis in the organization. It is also known as competitive priorities. Most of the organizations use the concept of CSFs and Toyota Yaris of UAE is one of them. The factors include quality, economy, performance and special local needs. This can be identified in different ways in the company. There are three ways to identify the CSF in the company (Ika and Diallo 2012). Collection of Data: In order to identify the critical success factors in the organization, some questionnaires have to be followed by the organization. Firstly, it contains the questionnaire of exhaustive list for the success of the project. Data collection of CSF is to measure through Relative Importance Index (RII) method in the organization. It has found that 39 factors of success were considered by the RII method (Thuillier 2012). Figure 1: CSF of Toyota Yaris. Source: (www.csf.gov.in). Analysis of Data:Data is to be analyzed by the RII method in the company to make the critical success factors in the market. This analysis can be done by using RII method as well as done independently for the three respondent categories such as owner, consultant and contractor. The company has to calculate its overall average which can be done in such categories (Bhuasiri and Xaymoungkhoun 2012). RII (Overall Average) = N1 RII of contractor + N2 RII of consultant + N3 RII of owner / N1 + N2 + N3 Where, N1 = number of contractors, N2 = number of consultants, N3 = number of owners. Agreement Analysis: In order to maintain the rank of above three participants in the company, the Company makes an agreement to analyze the critical success factors in the market. The company maintains a good ranking agreement which indicates that the critical success factors must involve with agreement analysis to show the best production in the market of UAE (Zo, Rho and Ciganek 2012). Figure 3: Data Analysis of Toyota Yaris. Source: (www.csf.gov.in). Role of Operations Manager in ensuring the CSF achievement Operations manager plays an important role in ensuring the CSF achievement in the organization. It includes various roles towards operations manager of Toyota Yaris in UAE such as product, quality, process, location, layout, human resource, supply chain, inventory, schedule and maintenance. Operations manager maintains all these strategies in the company. It must see the production process with its quality and process. The products are producing at genuine place where it can be sold by customers. The manager makes some layout decision for the development of the company. He also works as a human resource and maintains some departmental works in the company. Toyota Yaris in UAE has best supply chain in the market by which the inventory system is properly maintained. Inventory helps in the production process and must make a schedule to launch the product in the market. Overall it has found that operations manager maintains the growth of the company in the country (Ram and Wu 2013). 3. Importance of Quality Management Quality management is one of the challenges for the company to produce and deliver the quality product and services to customers. Quality management is very significant for the success of Toyota Yaris in UAE. The importance of quality management is highlighted bellow; The customer can get more involvement with the companys product by having a good quality management across the country (William Cooper Procter 2016) It increases the profit margin of the company by producing best quality of product in the market. The number of consumer must increases by having the best quality of products in the market where product can be sold at a great quantity (Gebba 2014). The customer does not complains about the companys product because they are satisfied and also buying the products accordingly. The company makes best layout decision with the help of best quality management in the marketing strategy (Corkindale 2013). Principle of Quality Management applied to the Company Quality management is needed in the company to produce best quality goods and sell it to the market at a great quantity. There are some vital principles of quality management which are applied to the companys production (de Waal 2016). Increase in Design and Quality: The Company follows the concept of total quality management and producing goods as per demand of the customers. The customer demands more for those goods because quality management increases its design in the market (Frijns 2016). High Value Perceived: the Company produces goods at some higher perceived value and increasing the profit margin across the country. The principle of quality management is applied to maintain high growth in the marketing strategy (Balasubramanian 2016). Increase in Revenue: Now the company increases its revenue by applying the concept of total quality management in the market. Quality management helps the company to produce goods in best quality which the customer like most and buy them at a great quantity (Ika 2012). Lower Cost: The Company can decrease its manufacturing and services cost with the help of total quality management principle in the marketing strategy of UAE (Sundarakani 2016). Contribution to Operations Management Operations manager is more involved with the quality management in the company because it handles all departmental works of the company including production process, decision making and human resource behavior. Operations manager maintains production, for this, the quality management potentially contributes the resources in the company. Operations manager fulfills the satisfaction of customers with the help of quality management. It makes a contribution from prevention to inspection for best supply of the product in the market. The operation manager makes recognition of the management responsibility for quality product by the concept of total quality management of Toyota Yaris in UAE (Sundarakani 2012). 4.Information System to Support the Value Chain Internal Function and Supply Chain A chain value analysis refers to a strategic tool which used for analyzing the internal firm activities. It recognizes the activities which are the more valuable to the company. The company follows the concept of Porters generic chain value which includes primary, support and margin activities. It has to identify its every production process part to conduct a chain value analysis. It helps in the improvement of the company into worldwide market segmentation (Malhotra 2013). Such improvement indicates the saving of cost as well as improvement in productive capacity which includes the competitive advantage faced by the company. Value chain internal function indicates the well working performance of the company in UAE which helps to support the departmental work of the company maintained by operations manager (Krajewski Ritzman 2013). Figure 4: Porters Generic Value Chain Source: (www.marketing91.com). In todays era, the supply chain plays an important role in the growth of the business. The supply chain of Toyota Yaris is the best Chain of supply in UAE like each year from 2010 to 2013. In spite of having the financial and business news reports it has been noticed that the company has a network facility and distribution option which performs the procurement functions of material. The industry is pushing up the partners of manufacturer and supply chain in regards of a small carbon footstep. Now the company is accelerating the introduction of new product by acquiring licenses and business of 3rd party (Chopra Meindl 2016). 5.Contribution of Technology to Achieve Competitive Advantage Now Toyota Yaris is running well within the country and making some forecasting process for well development in coming days. In the 21st Century, technology is one of the basic necessities to grow up the company into worldwide market. Supply chain and value chain helps to contribute best latest technology to the company by which it can increase its working performance across the country. The company faces competition in the market with the help of these technologies. Now market becomes competitive and the company is growing consistently with the help of competitive advantage of best supply chain in the market (Taylor 2012) Nowadays, market is perfectly competitive and all marketers are facing competition to increase their profit margin. The company contains some latest tools and technologies to face competition in the market. Competitive advantage is considered the companys goals, objective of operations manager and production of efficient and effective goods in the market. It includes operational excellence, better competitive analysis and less cost superior products. These all are the basic necessity which contributes technology to the company to achieve the competitive advantage in the marketing segmentation. It shows higher sales as well as higher profit in comparison to its competitors in the market of UAE (Riasi 2015). Figure 5: Competitive Advantage. Source: (www.competitiveadvantage.com). 6.Basic Layout Types for Manufacturing and Services Operations Layout refers to a facility which communicates and interacts between workers and their supervisor as well as between workers and customers. It makes minimization of movement and cost of material handling. Layout utilizes labor cost and fulfills the gap efficiently. There are some basic types of layout in the organization which are discussed bellow; Process or Functional Layout: In this layout, equipment of material handling is flexible as well as operators are highly skilled. The process layout is basically suitable for non repetitive jobs. The time of production is relatively long in this layout. There are two techniques to design the process layout such as block diagramming and relationship diagramming. These are based on visual data representation. The best time to use this layout is when the process of inventory is relatively high and when the material flow is intermittent. It may used while planning, controlling and scheduling some challenges function equipments (Bukchin 2014). Product or Line Layout: A process or functional layout refers to equipment and a machine which have arranged in accordance with operations consequence of the product. Only a particular product can produce once at a time in process layout operating area. The layout is used where the low production volume is needed to facilitate the product of the organization. The layout production volume is high as well as raw material and components are of uniform quality in the production layout. This layout is best to use when production time for a product is specifically short and when a little direct supervision may require (Tzur 2014). Fixed Position Layout: Basically, this layout has least importance in todays manufacturing industry because the major components are in a fixed location. Movement of material may reduce in this type of layout as well as there is a minimization of capital investment. This layout is best to used when the materials volume are needed dynamic equipment. It requires when there is a requirement of stationary project design (Hasan 2012). Group or Cellular Layout: A group or cellular layout is basically temporary arrangement layout where operations are required for production of particular equipment. This layout is best to used when the system of operations may contains a moderate product varieties in moderates volumes accordingly. When a different machine is brought together to make production, this layout is much helpful for the production (Sarkis and Shankar 2012). Hybrids Layout: Basically, Hybrid Layout is considered as the most manufacturing process which is used as a combination of layout types. It makes modification and combination of some aspects of products and layout process. This layout is best to used when there is a production of manufacturing process with a different combination of various types of layouts such as group layout, flexible system of manufacturing and assembly lines of mixed-model (Van Gisbergen, Blakely and Zelnik 2015). References Fitzsimmons, J. and Fitzsimmons, M., 2013.Service management: Operations, strategy, information technology. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Bozarth, C.B. and Handfield, R.B., 2016.Introduction to operations and supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K., 2013.Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Gunasekaran, A. and Spalanzani, A., 2012. Sustainability of manufacturing and services: Investigations for research and applications.International Journal of Production Economics,140(1), pp.35-47. Hussain, M., Ajmal, M.M., Khan, M. and Saber, H., 2015. Competitive priorities and knowledge management: an empirical investigation of manufacturing companies in UAE.Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management,26(6), pp.791-806. McAdam, R., Keogh, W., Ahmed El Tigani, A. and Gardiner, P., 2013. An exploratory study of business excellence implementation in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) public sector: Management and employee perceptions.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,30(4), pp.426-445. Sundarakani, B., Tan, A.W.K. and Over, D.V., 2012. Enhancing the supply chain management performance using information technology: some evidence from UAE companies.International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management,11(3), pp.306-324. Ika, L.A., Diallo, A. and Thuillier, D., 2012. Critical success factors for World Bank projects: An empirical investigation.International Journal of Project Management,30(1), pp.105-116. Dora, M., Kumar, M., Van Goubergen, D., Molnar, A. and Gellynck, X., 2013. Operational performance and critical success factors of lean manufacturing in European food processing SMEs.Trends in Food Science Technology,31(2), pp.156-164. Bhuasiri, W., Xaymoungkhoun, O., Zo, H., Rho, J.J. and Ciganek, A.P., 2012. Critical success factors for e-learning in developing countries: A comparative analysis between ICT experts and faculty.Computers Education,58(2), pp.843-855. Ram, J., Corkindale, D. and Wu, M.L., 2013. Implementation critical success factors (CSFs) for ERP: Do they contribute to implementation success and post-implementation performance?.International Journal of Production Economics,144(1), pp.157-174. Gebba, T.R., 2014. The Role of Governance in Planning and Implementing Knowledge Management Strategy in the UAE: The Case of RTA.International Journal of Business Research and Development (IJBRD),2(4). de Waal, A.A. and Frijns, M., 2016. The influence of the UAE context on management practice in UAE business.International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management,9(2). Harzing, A.W. and Giroud, A., 2014. The competitive advantage of nations: An application to academia.Journal of Informetrics,8(1), pp.29-42. Balasubramanian, S. and Sundarakani, B., 2016. Assessing the Green Supply Chain Management for the United Arab Emirates Construction Industry.Green Supply Chain Management for Sustainable Business Practice, p.83. Sundarakani, B., Tan, A.W.K. and Over, D.V., 2012. Enhancing the supply chain management performance using information technology: some evidence from UAE companies.International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management,11(3), pp.306-324. Riasi, A., 2015. Competitive advantages of shadow banking industry: An analysis using Porter diamond model.Business Management and Strategy,6(2), pp.15-27. Bukchin, Y. and Tzur, M., 2014. A new MILP approach for the facility process-layout design problem with rectangular and L/T shape departments.International Journal of Production Research,52(24), pp.7339-7359. Hasan, M.A., Sarkis, J. and Shankar, R., 2012. Agility and production flow layouts: An analytical decision analysis.Computers Industrial Engineering,62(4), pp.898-907. Van Gisbergen, J.G.G.P., Blakely, D.J., Oomens, R. and Zelnik, J., Sage Design Automation Ltd, 2015.Method, system and computer program product of checking an integrated circuit layout for instances of a reference pattern. U.S. Patent 9,213,798.

Synthesis essay Essay Example

Synthesis essay Essay Although it does not mean that if children eat doughnuts they will literally turn into one but may cause them to feel sluggish. Eating healthier foods allows one to feel better than if junk food was eaten. As a result of eating mass amounts of junk food, people are seeing the repercussions in their children. With an attempt to end childhood obesity, parents have been pushing for the government to become involved through improved Options to eat in schools, tighter control Of the F-DAD, providing more ways for people to become educated on what they are eating, and cheaper options to get healthy food. Due to the increase in childhood obesity along with the poor quality of food offered at schools and to the lower class, the American Government has the responsibility to intensify its role in keeping people healthy in order to counteract obesity and keep its citizens healthy. The issue of obesity is rapidly increasing as it is seriously affecting children, triggering parents to promote government intervention. Defined as goods lacking nutritional value, junk food has become prevalent in schools. Recently Michelle Obama has begun to increase schools promotion of healthy alternatives to junk food snacks and hot lunch meals. She explained her stance on schools roles in promoting healthier living by saying, The idea here is simple-?our classrooms should be healthy places where kids arent bombarded with ads for junk food. We will write a custom essay sample on Synthesis essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Synthesis essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Synthesis essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Because when parents are working hard to teach their kids healthy habits at home, their work shouldnt be undone by unhealthy messages at school (The Associated Press). She, like many other people, is concerned with schools reversing what parents are trying to do at home: promote healthy living. However, schools are making that impossible through the foods they offer for lunch and in vending machines. Because a schools goal is cost effectiveness, schools often put making money over providing healthy food. Kids and their parents believe that they are being provided with healthy options for lunch because it is being supplied by public schools and is regulated by the government, but they are mistaken for many of their options are unhealthy. It is explained that the USDA manages lunch striation and is in charge of supporting nutritional programs for schools. Most of the foods these companies purchase for schools are animal products such as meats and cheeses. Over 50 percent of all of the foods for schools nationwide are animal-based and need to be processed before they are sent to the schools. The process Of preparing these foods adds a great deal of sodium, sugar, and fat. All of these additions are unregulated (Smith). Because of the way they are prepared, many of the foods served at lunch lack nutritional value. To prevent this from happening, the government needs to jugulate all steps in the process of schools serving lunch to kids. It would be better if the government offered school providers a discount for purchasing foods so that they can provide healthier food at school. Because schools are not offering nutritional options at lunch, the lower class is suffering greatly because the low-income families receive discounted or free lunch at school. Then at home, they can only afford unhealthy, processed foods so they are not consuming a healthy meal at all during the day. The government should convert its regulation of food at schools to one in which a better variety of odds high in nutritional value are offered. While it is costly to make this change, the value of providing healthy foods to students is far greater. In addition to promoting healthier living at schools the government needs to take steps to promote eating healthier at home by increasing the economic accessibility to healthy food. Because healthy food is often more expensive than processed foods, lower class families believe they cannot afford to eat healthier. A new study exposed that on average, eating healthy costs about $1. 50 more per day than the least healthy diets (Krieger). While that does to seem like a large sum of money, to many low income families it is money they cannot afford to give up especially when there are multiple children in the family. As a result, these families find themselves resorting to processed foods that are often prepared with high amounts of fat, sugar, and sodium. Not only do they have to have unhealthy foods at home but also then they continue this at school establishing unhealthy living habits that often last a lifetime. This calls into question why healthy foods are so expensive when they are the better option. Many scientists have begun researching why there s such a large price gap in healthy and unhealthy foods. A professor at Harvard, Ray, and her colleagues concluded that the methods of manufacturing are to blame for the price gap. They claim that manufacturing favors the production of less healthy foods. For example, skinless chicken and leaner meats requires more work at the processing plant (Krieger). They also stated that inexpensive, high volume commodities like corn have contributed to cheaper prices (Krieger). Ray suggests that producing healthier foods costs more so consumers have to pay more. In order to fix his problem, the government should place a tax on junk food so healthier foods are cheaper. It also encourages food producers to make healthier foods so that they can avoid the junk food tax. This would allow low-income families to buy healthier foods and would even encourage them to buy healthier foods. The government needs to provide a way to lower the cost of healthy food so it is more accessible to lower class people and is encouraged to be bought rather than junk food. The issue of foods being unhealthy is primarily because they are being processed in unhealthy ways by farmers and manufacturers. Foods are no longer being produced naturally, but now industries are replacing their methods with ones that maximize production. Producers are manufacturing more food at one time and need to preserve those foods by adding substances which lack nutritional value-?such as salt-?in relatively large quantities to enhance taste and increase the shelf-life of food (Ward). While mass-producing goods is cost efficient, the substances that are needed to be added to preserve the food causes them to lose nutritional value. In addition to adding unhealthy ingredients to foods, manufactures also removed items from food that decay quickly. For example, Omega 3 oils were removed from cooking oils and spreads because they may decay quickly and make the products rancid (Ward). Fatty acids and other essentials removed due their tendencies to perish quickly now are scarce in manufactured foods. Numerous people also are unaware of the fact that these nutrients are now missing and therefore do not consume them in supplementary foods. Along with changing these methods comes a change in the quality of food being produced. This is greatly seen in the meat industry. While many people are aware that the meat they are now buying is from factory farms, they are not aware of the health risks brought on by factory farms. These risks caused by growth hormones or antibiotics used in animal farming, small amounts of pesticides and herbicides in plant-based foods, and compounds such as biosphere A or phthalate that enter food from packaging influence cancer risks by acting as hormone-like substances in the body (Rosen). Unfortunately people are uninformed on the risks associated with the meat they are now buying and are continuing to purchase it. People deed to be informed on what farmers and manufacturers are now doing to their products. Unhealthy processes of producing meat on factory farms such as the overuse of antibiotics can fuel the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the use of arsenic and growth hormones can increase the risk of cancer in people and crowded conditions can be a breeding ground for disease (Solely). If people were informed of the risks of consuming processed meats and other foods, perhaps they would not buy the products and the manufactures would have to return to their old methods of producing food, which would be healthier. Not only is it concerning that people do not know what they are eating, but is also concerning that manufacturers are able to accomplish this without punishment from the FDA It is worrisome that the government does not intervene enough to ensure that only safe foods are sold to consumers. The government needs to interfere further in food production to ensure that foods sold to consumers are not contaminated with pathogens that cause bedroom illness and will not cause further health problems later in life. While the unavailability of foods and the nutritional hanged of food are large problems surrounding the issue of unhealthy foods, the dominant problem is that people are uneducated. They fail to see the consequences Of what they are eating and the various health problems could occur further down the road. While it is important that adults be informed about the consequences of their health decisions, the real target should be children so they continue to make healthy decisions throughout their lives. Health classes need to begin as young as elementary school so children can begin to practice healthy habits rather than forming lifelong unhealthy habits. Simply put, We dont expect children to master riding a bike without a little practice and training Why, then, are children expected to immediately like new foods without a little instruction or practice? (Solely). Training students in school to make healthy choices will help them be better informed on the importance of eating healthy and will allow them to be healthier adults. Teaching children about healthy eating at a young age would also allow the information to be passed to the parents of the family. Generally parents help their children with homework more when they are young, so in eloping them learn about this material they would also become informed as well. Informing children at school at a young age will help them to make healthier choices throughout their entire lives. The government needs to take responsibility for its citizens by intervening more in regulation of food so the country is healthier as a whole. Through stricter regulation of the food supplied by schools along with an increase in the education of the importance of nutrition, the government can ensure that obesity and other health problems are prevented. In addition to schools hanging their promotion of healthier diets, the FDA should also be monitored more closely to ensure healthy foods are sold.

Man is Condemned to Be Free Essays

Man is Condemned to Be Free Essays Man is Condemned to Be Free Paper Man is Condemned to Be Free Paper Explain what Jean-Paul Sartre meant by the statement â€Å"Man is condemned to be free† Jean-Paul Sartre was a Gallic existential philosopher philosopher and was one of the taking figures in twentieth century Gallic doctrine. His major philosophical work. â€Å"Being and Nothingness† and his celebrated talk. â€Å"Existentialism is a Humanism† . is where he emphasised the statement â€Å"Man is condemned to be free† . The statement appears to be a apposition of linguistic communication because ‘freedom’ frequently has positive intensions while ‘condemned’ provides the opposite feeling. Sartre used the term ‘condemned’ as he believed we have no pick in the affair of being free. and being free ( even if against our will ) means we are responsible for all our actions. Bing responsible for our actions – without holding a pick about being free to take – is a signifier of disapprobation. Us holding to accept full duty for our actions includes us non being able to fault those around us – such as h ousehold. instructors and the authorities – for our state of affairs. In drumhead. adult male is condemned because â€Å"he did non make himself. yet is however at autonomy. and from the minute that he is thrown into this universe he is responsible for everything he does† ( Kaufmann ) . In the face of this duty. many worlds turn to religion. This allows us to experience answerable to a higher being. However. Sartre was non a truster in God ; this could be because of the atrociousnesss he witnessed first-hand during the Second World War while functioning in the Gallic ground forces. His experiences taught him that â€Å"God is soundless in the face of absurdness and horror. Because of this we are condemned to confront life entirely and with this comes absolute freedom and the cooling duty that comes with it. † If God genuinely doesn’t exist so our actions aren’t truly limited by His prognostications. commandments and ethical motives ; God can non legalize our behavior. or warrant it. or do it. We are finally responsible for o ur actions with no 1 to reply because we have chosen them on our ain. out of our freedom. Traditionally. freedom is seen as ‘good’ . Sartre on the other manus describes freedom to be a sort of load because as God does non be we are â€Å"without excuse† and we â€Å"can’t happen anything to depend on† . Sartre illustrates his belief utilizing the illustration of the paper cutter. When sing a paper cutter. we would presume that the Godhead had a program ( an kernel ) for it. Due to there being no Godhead of worlds. we have no kernel. This means that our actions and behaviors can non be explained by citing human nature. alternatively we are needfully to the full responsible for our actions. The kernel or nature of a paper cutter is to cut paper ; this is the intent the shaper of it had in head. However. there was no shaper or Godhead of human existences so we can’t mention to what we are meant to make. There is merely what we choose to make. â€Å"We are left entirely. without alibi. † To make up ones mind whether we are or are non â€Å"condemned to be free† it makes sense to make up ones mind whether our actions are genuinely free or if they may in fact be determined. Psychologists such as Sigmund Freud believe our early old ages have an impact on our future actions. Freud claimed that our moral actions are frequently caused by pent-up or subconscious memories or feelings stemming from childhood. Besides. B. F. Skinner said that we can non be held morally responsible for behavior determined by our psychological make-up because we could non hold chosen to act otherwise. Other minds. including Thomas Sowell. argue that our actions are in line with our societal conditioning. We so follow a sociologically determined way set by our upbringing. instruction and societal groups etc. Libertarianism has the major defect of non taking into history our experiences when doing determinations and when organizing our morality. For case. it is arguable that Sartre believed what he did because of the experiences he had during the war. non because of his freedom. Another valid statement is that genetic sciences determine physical and behavioral facets of humanity. All of these point of views province that worlds are non free to take and our lives and personalities are already determined ( by our past experiences. psychological make-up. socialization and genetic sciences ) . There is truth in these theories and so they take recognition off from Sartre’s belief that â€Å"man is condemned to be free† because they show that there are facets of our lives where we aren’t free to take. This means. in add-on. that our duty is lessened slightly as some of our actions are already determined for us. On the other manus. Sartre’s thoughts are potentially believable. We have all had experiences where the demand to take between multiple actions has caused us emotional convulsion. It is improbabl e that in these state of affairss we can avoid holding to come to a determination. Although we are free to do this pick. we are in a manner forced to do it. So. Sartre’s claim of worlds being condemned or damned to be free does non look so farcical. Even when we ask person for aid with an ethical quandary it is non their reply that determines our solution and attendant action. It is our pick to inquire them in the first topographic point and normally we already know what they are traveling to state ; we so make up ones mind whether to follow their advice. This once more shows the extent of our freedom of pick and the deficiency of finding factors to stamp down this ‘condemning’ freedom. In decision. Sartre examined the dashing nature of determination devising and limitless freedom. The moral duty we have in the instance of absolute freedom is stultifying and causes great desperation. However. this attack could be wrong because there are facets of our lives and make-up that act upon our behavior. If an action is determined by factors outside our control. we may non hold the moral duty for it. From this point of view we are non condemned to freedom but it alternatively allows us some input into our behavior and hence our lives.

Understanding Modern Evolutionary Synthesis

Understanding Modern Evolutionary Synthesis The theory of evolution has itself evolved quite a bit since the time when Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace first came up with the theory. Much more data has been discovered and collected over the years that have only helped to enhance and sharpen the idea that species change over time. The modern synthesis of the theory of evolution combines several different scientific disciplines and their overlapping findings. The original theory of evolution was based mostly upon the work of Naturalists. The modern synthesis has the benefit of many years of research in Genetics and Paleontology, among other various subjects under the biology umbrella. The actual modern synthesis is a collaboration of a large body of work from such celebrated scientists as J.B.S. Haldane, Ernst Mayr, and Theodosius Dobzhansky. While some current scientists assert that evo-devo is also a part of the modern synthesis, most agree it has so far played a very slight role in the overall synthesis. While most of Darwins ideas are still very much present in the modern evolutionary synthesis, there are some fundamental differences now that more data and new disciplines have been studied. This does not, in any way, take away from the importance of Darwins contribution and, in fact, it only helps support most of the ideas Darwin put forth in his book On the Origin of Species. Differences Between Original Theory of Evolution and Modern Evolutionary Synthesis The three main differences between the original Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection proposed by Charles Darwin and the most current Modern Evolutionary Synthesis are as follows: The modern synthesis recognizes several different possible mechanisms of evolution. Darwins theory relied on natural selection as the only known mechanism. One of these different mechanisms, genetic drift, could even match the importance of natural selection in the overall view of evolution.Modern synthesis asserts that characteristics are passed down from parents to offspring on parts of DNA called genes. Variation between individuals within a species is because of the presence of multiple alleles of a gene.The modern synthesis of the Theory of Evolution hypothesizes that speciation is most likely due to the gradual accumulation of small changes or mutations at the gene level. In other words, microevolution leads to macroevolution. Thanks to years of dedicated research by scientists across many disciplines, we now have a much better understanding of how evolution works and a more accurate picture of the change species undergo over a period of time. Even though different facets of evolutionary theory have changed, the fundamental ideas are still intact and just as relevant today as they were in the 1800s.

Children Language Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Children Language Development - Essay Example Traditionally, before a child could turn eighteen months after birth, there are manifestations that the child is already introduced with naming insights. Although children usually pass this at various times, parents, most of the times, hardly notice it since they assume that it is just normal since things have really their names. I would like to agree that naming insight, indeed, sets the stage for vocabulary explosion. For most of the youngster, this naming discovery could be really shocking as proven by those kids to arrive at this stage at a later phase. One famous example would be Helen Keller. She was blind and deaf since she was two years of age, thus, naming insight as a stage of her development was really a tough challenge to pass through. When she was six years old, her pre school teacher asked her to put her hand under flowing water. And she was also asked to spell out w-a-t-e-r. She realized since then that "the mystery of language was revealed to her." For the past decades, researchers have already language as a natural part of evolutionary processes. And language, with no doubt plays a vital role in our own development; and we know that naming insight is actually the start of such. Naming insight can be the beginning of vocabulary explosion since a child already has the idea of naming things, thus, there is already a concept of words or vocabulary, at that sense. If a child is exposed to a lot of things, along with their respective names, there is of course a high tendency of a vocabulary explosion on the part of the child. Even a single or an indirect exposure to a novel word, for instance, already gives information that we could use in mapping the word going to its referent. Naming sigh has been proven by a number of studies to be a factor in the explosion of a child's vocabulary. A child can learn a word only after hearing it once from the people around him or her. There are actually researches claiming that children can gain new insights into language and words when they reach their eighteenth month, on the average. Most of the researches of this field things that children actually realize two things. First, words are used to name for objects; and second, every object has its own name (Gopnik & Meltzoff, 1997). This is called naming insight. The process of naming insight actually happens before a child can utter a word that represents an object. The child, in this specific stage, is just starting to learn the things that are around him or her and later on realizes that everything in the environment is given a name. The names, later on are learned by a child as he or she hears them from the people around. The beginning of vocabulary explosion is an important event for a child. It is with no doubt that naming insight preludes the vocabulary explosion since this is the stage before the child can finally utter his or her words. After the naming sight stage, particular names come popping out of children like stars as a result of fireworks. Some of common words are mommy, daddy, milk, and so on. Also, if under the vocabulary explosion, the child can also acquire more words that he or she often hears from the environment. The more frequent a word is uttered, the higher the

A Responed to Wolf Prix Lecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A Responed to Wolf Prix Lecture - Essay Example c space versus private space; enumeration of seven lines applicable to architecture; operating in an open society as contrasted to a closed society; and generally on thinking outside the box; of breaking conventional rules to create architectural structures that are innovative and remarkable. One is therefore inspired with the speaker’s words and the lessons that were emphasized in the lecture. Apart from signifying that architectural students should not simply have theoretical knowledge, skills and abilities to design and build; contemporary students of architecture should manifest the desire to be innovative, creative and to think outside the box and soar to great heights. The presentation shown was appropriate for the lecture and enhanced the emotional appeal and interest of the audience. By showing magnificent and unconventional architectural structures, the audience was made to realize that it takes more than just the ability to absorb the minimal framework to be an effective and successful architect – it takes the burning desire to be radical: in thinking, in designing and in building. Prix, Wolf. Sci-Arc Video on the Lecture of Wolf Prix . 2011. Web. 6 December 2011

Memory Management Essay Example for Free

Memory Management Essay The difference between Windows and Linux memory management starts with understanding the requirements of memory management in today’s multiprogramming systems. Memory management requirements are relocation, protection, sharing, local organization, and physical organization. These requirements play a vital role in the processing speed response when using the computer. Windows and Linux have several similarities in regards to memory management but also differ especially with Windows being a sophisticate system and Linux being open sourced. â€Å"Linux shares UNIX characteristics but has its own features and is very complex† (Stallings, 2012, p. 384). Linux virtual memory uses a three- level page structure. The first part is the page structure which is an active process having the size of one page. The entry goes to the page directory and the page directory must be in the main memory to be active. Next is the page middle directory which can span multiple pages. Each entry will point to one page of the table. Last is the page table and refers to one virtual page of the process. A virtual address is used consisting of four fields which are the index into the page directory, index into the page middle directory, index into the page table, and the offset in the selected page of memory. The table structure was designed for 64-bit Alpha processor and is independent. Linux uses the buddy system for efficiency of reading in and writing out pages to and from memory. The buddy system splits and merges pages which are allocated and deallocated in the main memory. The page replacement algorithm in Linux deals with a simple clock which gives each page an age variable. The more times the page is accessed, the age variable is increased. A page that is old would be replaced since it has not been accessed in quite a long time. Linux kernel memory allocation manages the main memory page frames which allocates and deallocates frames for the virtual memory management. When the minimum amount of allocation is less than a page, Linux uses a slab allocation for these smaller chunks making the system more efficient. Windows memory manager is designed to use 4 to 64 Kbytes page sizes and controls how memory is allocated. On 32-bit systems, the Windows process  shows a 32-bit address which allows 4 Gbytes of virtual memory for each process which half is for the operating system and half is for the virtual address space when running in kernel-mode. With the introduction of 64-bit, systems can run more efficiently with larger memory intensive programs. Windows paging can make use of the entire space which can then be brought into the main memory. The operating system manages the address in three regions; available references the address not currently used, reserved for setting aside the process through the virtual memory manager, and committed address for processes to access virtual memory page. When virtual memory is high, the processes increase, and when they are low, older pages are swapped out. In conclusion, Windows and Linux have a few similarities. Both swaps out older pages that are no longer needed to improve the processes Window memory management is more secure and performance orientated, but is more complex. Linux is simpler and easier to maintain but is not secured due to being open sourced and need improvement. Linux was originated in a hacker’s environment while Windows is in a commercial environment. Windows has more effort through design and Linus was favored for simplicity. Each one has their own positives and negatives and the final decision is what system is he and she more comfortable with. References Stallings, W. (2012). Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles (7th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Pursuit of Happiness in Bridget Carpenter’s Up Essay -- Analysis, Econ

In the few scenes of Up the audience is introduced to Walter’s obsession with his inventions which would lead to him becoming increasingly frustrated. Notwithstanding that his ambitions would be reduced due to the realty issues he faces. As the play continues, the audience is then introduced to Petit, who re-installs happiness into Walter’s life through conversations which embody work which they are most passionate about. Petit’s conservations would in turn make Walter feel determined and free again to do his inventions. In Relational Goods, Sociability, and Happiness authors Leonardo Becchetti, Alessandra Pelloni, and Fiammetta Rossetti state that â€Å"relational goods turn out to have significant and positive effects on self-declared life satisfaction† (344). By relational goods one can claim that the affective or expressive, non-instrumental, side of interpersonal relationships. In Happiness: a Revolution in Economics author Bruno S. Frey claims that individuals derive utility from being self-employed because it gives them a higher measure of self-determination and freedom. From reading those to theories, we can claim that Petit and Walter’s relationship as a related good and it stimulates Walter self determination to invest in his inventions, which satisfies him in his life work. If people invested in relational goods then it will stimulate their companionship, emotional support, and social approval. In Relational Goods, Sociability, and Happiness Becchetti, Pelloni, and Rossetti claim that â€Å"the impact on life satisfaction of a wider set of non-instrumental social activities from volunteering, to spending time with friends, attending social gatherings and cultural and sports events† (344). However, Becchetti Pelloni, and Ross... ...urself down. Be free!† (Carpenter 10). A person does not have to assume that being self-employed is the only option to be exultant in life. One can say that the moral arguments of Frey, Becchetti, Pelloni, and Rossetti are that human civilization should invest pursuing their ambitions. They urge that money or the total amount of income a person makes should not be a factor on happiness. Civilization would be a more contented organization if we are self-determined to find true satisfaction in life. Works Cited Becchetti, Leonardo, Alessandra Pelloni, and Fiammetta Rossetti. "Relational Goods, Sociability, And Happiness." Kyklos 61.3 (2008): 343-363. Academic Search Complete. Web. 10 Dec. 2011. Carpenter, Bridget. Up. New York: Samuel French, 2009. Print Frey, Bruno S. Happiness: A Revolution in Economics. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2008. Print.

The Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Health And Social Care Essay

In the current scenario, a 64-year-old female patient has suffered from Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) and she seemed to demo no betterment despite her current intervention for 6 months. RA is a chronic redness disease and harmonizing to the study of National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE February 2009 ) RA affects 10000 people each twelvemonth in the UK population. RA is characterised by swelling and painful articulations, usually symmetrical and frequently impacting diarthrodial articulations of custodies and pess [ Firestein GS. , 2003 ] . Although RA normally attacks articulations, it can besides impact other variety meats such as bosom, lung and eyes. The exact pathogenesis of the disease still remains to be discovered. However, autoimmunity activities are believed to be to play a major function in the development of the disease. The unnatural release of inflammatory factors such as interleukins ( IL ) and tissue mortification factor ( TNF ) by the peripheral inflammatory cells such as CD4+ T cells, B cells and macrophages are involved in the patterned advance of RA which leads to inflammatory reaction at the synovial fluid ( SF ) and synovial tissues ( ST ) that line the joint and resulted in joint devastation [ Agarwal et al. , 2005 ] . When the redness progresses into farther phase, portion of the synovial membrane which envelops the SF will develop into pannus which is an inflammatory tissues that farther assail the joint and gristle and may take to joint merger by let go ofing destructive enzymes such as collagenase. Harmonizing to Scots Intercollegiate Guidelines Network ( SIGN 48 ) guidelines, RA is normally diagnosed by recovering patient ‘s medical history and scrutiny on elevated degree of inflammatory markers such as non-specific erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and a more specific arthritic factor, which is an auto-antibody nowadayss in 80 % of RA patients [ Firestein GS. , 2003 ] . The incidence of RA may non be seen every bit serious as other diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplastic disease which recorded a higher morbidity and mortality rate, but one time the disease progresses, it can give a great impact on patient ‘s day-to-day life. It accounts for 0.8 % of entire planetary Year Lived with Disability ( YLD ) , which is the 31st prima cause of YLD globally [ Symmons et al. , 2006 ] . As a chronic redness disease, RA causes lasting joint harm if it is non treated suitably every bit shortly as possible and a long-time medicine is required to decelerate down the patterned advance of the disease. The joint harm starts at the early phase of disease and worsens increasingly resulted in troubles in patients ‘ day-to-day work. A simple day-to-day undertaking such as opening a bottle or walking across the room can ensue in great hurting for RA patients. Some patients might even necessitate to discontinue or alter their current oc cupation due to sore articulations. Epidemiology survey showed that RA is associated with decreased life anticipation and increased mortality [ Anthony et al. , 2003 ] . As RA develops, the disease finally invades the bone around the joint and may take to osteoporosis due to inflammatory activities. Furthermore, RA intervention utilizing corticoid besides increases the hazard of osteoporosis due to depletion of Ca and increase loss of bone mass [ Kelman et al. , 2005 ] . Besides that, merely like other redness diseases, RA patients can confront anemic jobs where red blood cells production is inhibited during redness. After the importance of early intervention of DMARDs has been recognised, the old â€Å" intervention pyramid † used in RA which started off with diagnostic intervention utilizing anodynes such as NSAIDs has been reviewed. The â€Å" intervention pyramid † describes the usage of anodynes in the early phase of disease to alleviate hurting and merely starts DMARDs when the disease develops into more advanced phase where NSAIDs can no longer command the hurting and redness. However, several surveies have shown that protection of articulation from harm utilizing DMARDs should be started every bit shortly as possible to supply better patients ‘ forecast and continue patient functional ability [ Egmose et al. , 1995 ; van der Heide et al. , 1996 ] . Therefore both NICE and SIGN guidelines suggest the early usage of DMARDs to command and detain RA symptoms after diagnosing of RA is confirmed. There is no definite intervention for RA as patients may react otherwise to the assortment picks of RA pharmacological therapy. Normally RA patients would be started with the most normally used DMARDs and reviewed invariably for drugs effectiveness until symptoms are well-controlled by the DMARDs therapy. Further change in the intervention needs to be done if no satisfactory response is achieved. As in this instance survey, the female patient has failed to react to six-month intervention of sulfasalazine, which is one of the commonly used DMARDs in commanding RA. Thus an option should be sought every bit shortly as possible to forestall major joint devastation.TreatmentHarmonizing to NICE guidelines 2009, it is stated that if RA patient does non react to the first DMARDs intervention, the dosage of the drug should be reviewed and focused to supply an effectual and suited dosage for the patient before a 2nd option of DMARDs is sought. In the current scenario, the patient had failed to react to six-month therapy of SLS, it is assumed that the dosage of SLS had been adjusted to the possible maximal bound but still demo no benefit in the patient. Thus, farther intervention would be focused on seeking for an alternate DMARDs. DMARDs are drugs from different categories that are grouped together due to their similarity in decelerating down the patterned advance of RA and understating joint devastation caused by RA besides commanding the symptoms. The normally used DMARDs include sulfasalazine ( SLS ) , amethopterin ( MTX ) , gold, Cuprimine, anti-malarial, azathioprine, leflunomide and cyclosporine. SLS and MTX are most preferable in clinical pattern due to their favourable toxicity profiles although intramuscular gold and Cuprimine had shown similar effectivity in handling RA [ Aletaha et al. , 2003 ; Felson et al. , 1990 ; Capell et al. , 1993 ] . MTX and SLS were considered to be safer at usage as it was shown that there was no important difference in the incidence of side-effects reported between high and low dose intervention of the drugs [ Aletaha et al. , 2003 ] . Since the patient has failed to react to SLS, MTX would normally be the following option in head. However, there is a pick to do whether t o utilize MTX in combination with SLS or replace SLS with MTX as monotherapy. DMARDs combination has been recommended in NICE guidelines for early RA intervention, but more clinical groundss need to be sought for the usage of combination in established RA, which is pictured in the current scenario as the patient has been suffered from RA for more than 6 months and immune to SLS therapy. Three surveies were found to compare the usage of MTX monotherapy and dual-therapy with SLS in patients unresponsive to SLS. Among the three, two were randomised controlled tests ( RCT ) while one was non-randomised experimental test [ Haagsma et al. , 1994 ; Capell et al. , 2007 ; Schipper et al. , 2009 ] The first RCT was carried out in 1994 which merely included a little figure of patients ( n=40 ) based on a single-observer method over 24 hebdomads while a longer continuance ( & gt ; 18 months ) of double-blind placebo-controlled survey with a larger survey group ( n=165 ) was adopted in the 2nd RCT in 2007. Despite the difference in the survey features, both RCTs concluded that MTX-SLS double therapy had a greater efficaciousness in commanding symptoms over MTX monotherapy in SLS-resistant patients without important addition in toxicity. However, although the 2nd RCT had shown important clinical benefits for combination therapy compared to the usage of monotherapy, no important advantage was seen in radiological results or functional disablement. The 3rd survey was a recent test published in 2009 investigated 230 patients who were immune to SLS intervention utilizing the similar intervention magnitude as the old surveies to measure the drug efficaciousness. This test was carried out for more than 15 old ages and concluded that that both options provided similar consequence. The disagreement was believed to be caused by the deficiency of control group in the ulterior test which might lend to biased consequences and inconsistent usage of other drugs such as corticoids in different tests which might misdirect the reading of drug efficaciousness. Besides efficaciousness and toxicity, cost of intervention is the following of import factor to be considered in taking the right intervention for the patient. However, really few surveies were done comparing the cost-effectiveness of different DMARDs because RA is non every bit prevailing as other major diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and it does non normally result in immediate decease. The more recent cost-effectiveness analysis on DMARDs was done in Thailand from the social point of position where the costs included a direct cost and indirect cost [ Osiri et al. , 2007 ] . In order to enable numerical comparing, the cost-effectiveness of the therapies was measured utilizing the Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio ( ICER ) which is the entire cost in US dollar needed to accomplish one unit of ( HAQ ) Health Assessment Questionnaire, which comprised of 20 inquiries on patients ‘ self-report functional and disablement position. The ICER of each intervention was compa red against the anti-malarial monotherapy as anti-malarial was recognised as the cheapest and least efficacious DMARDs available. Comparing among the sum of 152 RA patients, it was found that MTX and SLS therapy recorded a three times lower ICER compared to MTX monotherapy, which explained that the double therapy was less dearly-won and more effectual compared to the monotherapy ( US $ 625 versus US $ 2061 per one unit of HAQ mark ) . However, this survey was non specifically directed to SLS-resistant patients. Therefore, merely a comparative comparing can be made on the cost for the current scenario. The following option of intervention for the current patient is the usage of three-base hit therapy which uses MTX, SLS and an anti-malarial. It was shown in a biennial, prospective randomised test on 180 patients that the ternary therapy had given a better curative efficaciousness over the dual- ( MTX and SLS or MTX and anti-malarial ) and MTX monotherapy irrespective of the drugs given in the early RA intervention [ Calguneri et al. , 1999 ] . Again, the incidence of inauspicious effects did non increase significantly with the addition in figure of drugs. The enhanced benefit by adding an anti-malarial agent to MTX intervention had further strengthened the grounds shown antecedently by a long-run followup survey on patients who were treated with ternary therapy. It was shown in the old survey that patients who had failed to react to at least one DMARD and treated with ternary therapy had shown continued betterment with minimum toxicity after 3 old ages compared to MTX monotherapy a nd SLS-hydroxychloroquine therapy [ O'Dell et al. , 1999 ] . Addition of anti-malarial agent to MTX had been shown to execute better than MTX-SLS combination, which proposed an implicit in interactive activity of anti-malarial and MTX when they are used together likely due to heighten MTX bioavailability by anti-malarial [ O'Dell et al. , 2002 ; Carmichael et al. , 2002 ] . In footings of the intervention cost, based on the same cost-effectiveness survey mentioned above, ternary therapy recorded a lower ICER ( US $ 1222 per one unit of HAQ mark ) than MTX monotherapy, but about twice every bit high as the ICER of MTX-SLS therapy. Other than utilizing the traditional DMARDs, the freshly developed biological anti-rheumatic drugs are besides being studied for SLS immune patients. Since RA involves a great trade of cytokines activities, specific cytokines blockers have been investigated to stamp down or modify the redness procedure. The most normally used biological agents include infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab which target the tissue mortification factor, TNF-I ± , which is one of the chief cytokines released by macrophage that farther induces the release of other cytokines which are responsible for the redness. NICE guidelines emphasized that TNF-I ± inhibitors can merely be used when the patient has failed to react to intervention of at least two DMARDs including amethopterin. However, Combe et Al. had tried a different attack where Enbrel has been used and investigated in patients specifically having SLS intervention but still have ailment of active RA without affecting MTX [ Combe et al. , 2006 ] . It was found that etanercept monotherapy or in combination with SLS had given better betterment in American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) standards compared to patients treated with SLS entirely. There was no important difference in the efficaciousness in the etanercept monotherapy and combination group. However, there was a significantly higher incidence rate of side-effects such as concern, sickness and astheny in the combination group while a higher hazard of infections and injection side reactions were recorded in patients with etanercept entirely. Besides that, as a biological drug, TNF-I ± inhibitors can non get away the fact of doing serious inauspicious effects such as malignance, demyelination and increased susceptibleness to infections like TB [ Nahar et al. , 2003 ] . However when the ratio of efficaciousness over toxicity is concerned, a meta-analysis showed that TNF inhibitors have a higher ratio than gold and sulfasalazine [ Ravindran et al. , 2008 ] . Again, whe n cost is concerned, etanercept intervention, as expected is much expensive compared to DMARDs, where the cost was shown to be more than twice higher than the most expensive DMARD available, cyclosporin [ Jobanputra et al. , 2002 ] .TREATMENT RECOMMENDATIONComparing the four options available, MTX monotherapy, MTX-SLS dual-therapy, ternary therapy and etanercept therapy, MTX-SLS dual-therapy seems to be the best intervention for the current patient as it is supported by groundss for its lower cost with comparable efficaciousness in SLS immune patients. It might non be the most effectual intervention compared to treble therapy, but it is ever advisable to understate the figure of drugs used in a patient to forestall unneeded inauspicious effects or drug interactions. However, there is still possibility that the patient may still be unresponsive to the dual-therapy as there is no definite warrant on the action of the therapy on every RA patient and the possibility of developing immune to MTX. Thus, the National Clinical Guidelines recommends monthly reappraisal of CRP ( C-Reactive Protein ) , an inflammatory marker and other cardinal constituents of disease activity such as DAS 28 ( Disease Activity Score based on 28 articulations ) until the disease is controlled by the given intervention to a degree antecedently discussed and agreed by the patients. If there is still no satisfactory respond, farther change in the therapy needs to be done such as sing the ternary therapy or etanercept therapy. Besides giving the slow-acting disease modifying drugs, SIGN 48 guidelines suggest the usage of intra-articular injection of corticoids to give rapid diagnostic alleviation before the oncoming of the new DMARDs therapy. Oral corticoids are non preferred to be used as a long-run intervention as it can do serious inauspicious consequence on bone mass and GI systems and it merely shows benefit in the early intervention of active RA [ Saag et al. , 1995 ; Kirwan et al. , 1995 ] If injection is non possible, so low dosage of unwritten corticoid is used in a shortest continuance possible [ Laan et al. , 1995 ] . For the diagnostic hurting control on top of DMARDs, mentioning to SIGN 48 guidelines, whenever possible, simple anodynes such as paracetamol are preferred over NSAIDs due to set up side-effects peculiarly GI annoyance. If simple anodynes are non powerful plenty to alleviate the hurting, a low dose NSAIDs such as isobutylphenyl propionic acid or more selective Cyclooxygenase ( Cox-2 ) inhibitors such as etoricoxib can be prescribed for the shortest continuance possible. When NSAIDs or Cox-2 inhibitors have to be used, coincident usage of GI protective medicine such as proton-pump inhibitors should be considered for aged and patients with history of GI ulcerations. Both NICE and SIGN guidelines recommend that dosage of NSAIDs should be reviewed and reduced once patients show equal response to DMARDs. In drumhead, the patient should be continued with SLS, at the same clip, added with MTX as the combined DMARDs therapy. In add-on, intra-articular or short-course unwritten corticoid should be commenced as a â€Å" span therapy † before the oncoming of action of the new DMARDs therapy. For diagnostic control, if paracetamol is non equal to relief hurting, NSAIDs such as diclofenac together with a proton pump inhibitor such as Prilosec can be used unless it is contraindicated in the patient, so a Cox-2 inhibitor such as etoricoxib should be used. Besides that, patient would be put on a monthly monitoring to reexamine the effectivity of the new therapy.

Beatlemania & The Rise and Fall Of The Beatles

The year 1960 turned to be a year for the world to remember. It was not because a war began or it ended. It was the year the music industry was revolutionized. It was when the four men from Liverpool England made the biggest impact in the music scene. The Beatles was born. They stunned the pop culture world and set the mark for music for years.Their personalities, melodies and overwhelming, heart warming charisma graced the airwaves and the crowd. Adults who usually listen to rock and roll music gave in to their music and joined the hype, and were convinced that the group really has chemistry and sense in their melodies and lyrical contents.Convinced was the appropriate word. Needless to say, people of all ages were tuned to the rhythm they were making. Originally formed by John Lennon as The Quarrymen, the group had its share of hardship. Playing only on clubs and small bars, the group stayed. Then they met Paul McCartney and eventually joined by George Harrison. The group toured se veral countries including Scotland to perform their songs. The group was influenced by then rock and roll icon, Elvis Presley who served as their idol. The missing piece of the fab four, Ringo Starr, later joined them in 1962 after the original drummer was fired.They also mourned the death of a former original member who died of brain hemorrhage. The quartet then started touring the European continent. They started playing their tunes in Hamburg, Germany. George Harrison was sent back to England after he was found by the German authorities to be lying. He was found guilty of falsifying the information he gave and was discovered that he is a minor and not qualified to work. Harrison’s deportation was succeeded with arson charges for Paul McCartney after setting a fire in his hotel room. The Hamburg experience was short lived as the members had no choice but to leave German soil.Only John Lennon stayed in Hamburg because of his then fiancee. They all went back to Liverpool and had a sort of reunion and never stopped playing. The group were driven to seek new heights and dreamt of becoming icons too as their idol, Elvis Presley. They came back to Hamburg and this time, they were handled by a manager. The manager looked for bar outlets for their gigs and scheduled them to prominent music fronts across the city. The big act came when the manager brought them to a recording studio and hoped that they land a contract.After this moment, the boys were demoralized when they learned that the studio was not impressed with their music. The group, though were downed, did not succumb to the challenges. The band was on high spirits as they were rewarded as they were signed to a renewable one year contract at EMI. Their recording contract turned out to be an awful one because of the payment they will receive for every album sold. They were only paid a penny for it which was later reduced for albums sold internationally. Members were again saddened by this turn out and n early gave up.They continued to record songs after songs not knowing that their time was nearing and just a moment within their reach. September 1962 was the time of their lives as their single â€Å"Love Me Do† debuted at number 17 on the UK charts and topped the US charts after 18 months of its release. They also recorded their first album and their next 45 songs were chart toppers in the United Kingdom. THE BEATLES' DOMINANCE OF THE MUSIC CHARTS Throughout their career, the Beatles established milestones that assured their place in the history of popular music.They had seventeen number-one singles in the United Kingdom, twenty number-one singles in the United States, fifteen number-one albums in the United Kingdom, and nineteen number-one albums in the United States. They spent 1,278 weeks on the British charts (more than any other act), 175 weeks at number one on the British charts (more than any other act), and in 1965 produced the first British album to debut at number one (Help! ). They had the highest album sales in the United States of any group ever, with close to 107 million albums sold.Further, the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967) remains the United Kingdom's all-time best-selling album. The Beatles were among the first artists to use sound and studio effects in production and orchestration in pop music; they were also the first group to develop the concept album. In every sense, the Beatles were second to none in the domain of 1960s pop music. Within the band, it is hard to say who was the leader. Both John and Paul were major forces, and George and Ringo often felt left out of the decision-making process.Some feel that manager Brian Epstein had a significant impact on the group and helped maintain the relationships between band members prior to his death in 1967. THE BEATLES AS VISIONARIES â€Å"The Beatles shared their vision with fans. Whether the topic was simple or complex, they consistently challenged their fans to look at life through a new lens. For instance, early in their career, the Beatles had an impact on what was a socially acceptable â€Å"mop top† for men. Later in their career, the Beatles' interest in Eastern culture introduced the sitar and concepts such as transcendental meditation and spiritual regeneration to the West.The scholar Warren Bennis, who has studied leadership for many years, calls this phenomenon management of attention, the ability to draw others to them. In Bennis's words, they had the ability to â€Å"manage attention through a compelling vision that brings others to a place they have not been before† (Bennis 2000, 17). In all phases of their career, their vision, ability to speak to the hearts and minds of fans, physical appeal and friendly personalities, and avant-garde fashion sense affirmed their stature as icons. The Beatles' success also took the industry to new places, as they became the model of what a successful band should be†.THE BEATLES AS STORYTELLERS Above all else, the Beatles told stories and shared their vision through their music. According to the developmental psychologist and cognitive scientist Howard Gardner, â€Å"stories of identity—narratives that help individuals think about and feel who they are, where they come from, and where they are headed—that constitutes the single most powerful weapon in the leader's literary arsenal† (Gardner 1995, 43). LASTING INFLUENCE The Beatles impacted fashion with mop-tops, mohair suits, Cuban-heeled boots, velvet-collar suits, Eastern clothing, and granny glasses.Popular usage of words such as â€Å"gear† and â€Å"fab† is also attributed to the group. In the studio, the Beatles were among the first to release a concept or â€Å"themed† album; use sitars, orchestration, and quartets in a pop song; use intentional feedback; fade songs directly into one another; and produce backward vocal and guitar sounds—all te chniques that are commonplace today. A quote by folk singer and songwriter Bob Dylan may sum up the Beatles best. He said, â€Å"They were doing things nobody was doing. Their chords were outrageous, just outrageous, and their harmonies made it all valid.Everybody else thought they were for the teenyboppers, that they were gonna pass right away. But it was obvious to me that they had staying power. I knew they were pointing to the direction where music had to go. Quantitative and qualitative data support Dylan's account of the Beatles. Countless groups have followed the Beatles, but none have achieved the success of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr†. Beatlemania After their songs hit number one on the charts, the formal ignition of the Beatlemania and the worldwide craze began.Adults, kids and specially the girls were mad about them. The hype continued and the band hit the airwaves all over England and the world. They also invaded the television sc ene. Beatlemania was first coined by Scottish promoter, Andy Lothian in 1963 to describe the frenzied fans adulation of the four members mostly by female teenage fans. The hysteria reached the United States and all the fans were screaming at their concerts and guestings. The mania hit its highest in 1964 and catapulted the band to music immortality. Their stature from being local bar singers was changed to a global music entertainers.The craze was largely accounted from the harmonic voices of the band and the adoration of the fans for the individual personalities of the members. They were all good looking and the fans were rooting for them and even others were screaming to have them as fathers of their children. They want to get pregnant with the members. The group were even impersonated and copied by several groups just to ride the popularity. The phenomenon was also a base for other groups means to make their own names by associating them with the Beatles.The band also get noted b y influential and renowned music critics. It gave more popularity to them by being noticed and being the talk of every conversation in every streets. â€Å"The Beatles’ conquest of America early in 1964 launched the British Invasion, as a torrent of rock and roll bands from Britain overtook the pop charts. The Fab Four’s first Number One single in the U. S. was â€Å"I Want to Hold Your Hand,† released on Capitol Records, EMI’s American counterpart. This exuberant track was followed by 45 more Top Forty hits over the next half-dozen years.During the week of April 4, 1964, the Beatles set a record that is likely never to be broken when they occupied all five of the top positions on Billboard’s Top Pop Singles chart, with â€Å"Can’t Buy Me Love† ensconced at Number One. Their popularity soared still further with the release of their playfully anarchic documentary film, A Hard Day’s Night, in August 1964 (Webmaster 2007)†. What was then a local industry bloomed into a worldwide trend. They become England’s biggest exports. The group even did crazy things like changing their hair and making them look comedic but nothing changed.The fans still love them whatever they do to themselves. Followers even imitate their fashion. That is the way fans are loving them. They were treated as not only national but international icons. Even when some of their recordings got entangled to record producers and be held for release, somehow someone found a way to make it a reality. This was when their song â€Å"She Loves You† was not released as scheduled. It did not receive airtime play. But when a fan knew about this, she was prompted to wrote a letter to a radio station manager and beg that they play the then unreleased Beatles’ song.The manager heeded the call and granted the fan her request and the whole United States of America was again in euphoria. The manager even release it on a rush mode. Music industry’s version of the Guiness Book of World Records were shattered as the group’s album â€Å"I Want To Hold Your Hand† reached one million copies in just ten days after its release. This was the previously held album by record producers. The hype spread all across America. Airports were flooded by fans also in record breaking fashions. They were greeted by millions as they arrived.Getting a glimpse of them closely is a big thing to die for. It was a chance of a lifetime for fans. More and more people get addicted to their music as they began hitting the five million mark sales, largely due to the reason that the fans want to get a copy for themselves. Their songs were even translated to other European languages such as German to be understood fully their lyrics. They are a musical genius. Organizing concerts were very hard for promoters because it posed a big problem for them whether the venue can accommodate all the fans that will be flocking in.Con certs were held all across North America and these musical gathering produces only one result: a turnout already been known, a sellout. â€Å"Beatlemania was responsible for the concept of the stadium concert. More than 55-thousand screaming fans — at the time, the most ever to have attended a single concert — packed New York's Shea Stadium in August 1965 (White 2008)†. Paying for the tickets was not a problem for the paying patrons even if it is their hard earned money for it will all be worth it. Screaming fans, bright lights and more and more popularity the band gained. They were the only group to be praised like that.As the band got more fans in America, Their concert acts will be spread all over the world. They visited Australia and New Zealand on their Atlantic trip and was the group’s first oversea exposure not done on English or American soil. â€Å"By April, 1964, the band's singles occupied the top five spots on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Tha t summer, they toured New Zealand and Australia, where their arrival in Adelaide was greeted by a crowd estimated at more than 300,000. The first Beatles movie, A Hard Day's Night was released in 1964. All told, the band released seven albums in the US and UK in 1964, all but three of them charting at #1.Two others peaked at #2, and the third, the soundtrack from a UK TV documentary (The Beatles Story) reached #7 (White 2008)†. The group’s success was not only estimated by the number of fans going into their concerts and the number of people who bought their records, but attributed to the fact that they have done all these things and stuffs in a dramatic and empirical way. They broke all musical records in terms of album sales. They hold the most number of records sold worldwide with over a billion and is the best selling of all time. The most number of platinum, diamond, gold albums sold.The fastest selling album in weeks, all these were all done by Beatles only. As En gland’s national contribution to the world, the four members of the band were nominated to be knighted. They were supposed to be given the award Members of the Order of the British Empire. This issue raised many eyebrows as critiques protested for this award was only given to men in uniforms and civic and community leaders. â€Å"Two months later, the Fab Four became Members of the Order of the British Empire, one of the highest honors bestowed in the UK, usually to military and government officials (White 2008)†.As their popularity increases, so is England’s rose to fame. That same year, the band flew back to America for their first major concert in New York City. But this is different not only because this is their first but also this was the first to be held in a sports stadium where no one dared to do. The result? It was literally overwhelming. Almost close to 60,000 fans packed the stadium (Coleman). Breaking records in the music industry became a habit for the band. It was recognized as major feat for the group’s leap for maturity and seemed to be headed for supremacy and immortality.â€Å"When all was said and done, the Beatles charted 20 Number One singles in the States – a number even greater than runner-up Elvis Presley’s 17 chart-toppers. For such feats of sales and airplay alone, the Beatles can unassailably be regarded as the top group in rock and roll history. Yet their significance as a band extends beyond numbers to encompass their innovations in the recording studio. The Beatles’ legacy as a concert attraction, during their harried passage from nightclubs to baseball stadiums, is distinguished primarily by the deafening screams of female fans overcome by the group’s very appearance.Consequently, the Beatles began to indulge their creative energies in the studio, layering sounds and crafting songs in a way no one had attempted before. The results included such musically expansive and lyri cally sophisticated albums as Rubber Soul (1965) and Revolver (1966). For various reasons, ranging from safety concerns to frustration that no one could hear or was listening, the Beatles retired from touring after a San Francisco concert on August 29, 1966 (Webmaster 2007)†. The legacy created by the Beatles was emphasized by their overwhelming turnouts in concert acts and unrivalled airtime sustenance.Screams from fans were deafening as they perform and so much adulation for them is primarily characterized from their passage from nightclubs to baseball stadiums. Games even major league championship series never packed a stadium like the Beatles does. The adrenaline and the fame the members are feeling transcribed in the studio as they were writing more beautiful songs. Inspired by their vast success the group kept on living up to the expectations of the fans. As the fame and fortune continued, their popularity went to their heads. They started to feel very secured with what they have.Thus prompting them to utter words and do things that fans started to wonder and think of what really the band members personality in real life is. The Start of the Fall As the band started touring the world, it had the Philippines on their itinerary. It was a national government and presidential custom that whenever a well renowned person or persons came and visit the country, the Palace opened its doors for them. â€Å"While in the Philippines, the Beatles had been invited to Malacanang Palace by Imelda Marcos. The Beatles have stated that they never agreed to appear at this reception.They remained unaware of any problem until the next morning. As they turned on their hotel television, the Beatles learned of accidentally snubbing the First Lady by not appearing at the palace. The Beatles also found that the government-run media was now fueling a firestorm against them via television news reports of the snub. There was a scene at the airport as the Beatles attempted to l eave the country (Spangler 1966)†. Being head of the country, President Marcos ordered that the band will not be escorted by the police. They will have no protection for whatever happens to them while in the Philippine soil.The snub incident was televised nationally and created a nationwide backlash at the Beatles. Irate fans began to hate the group. They stand and waited for the group so they can make negative comments on them. The group were on their own heading to Manila International Airport. A hostile crowd greeted the group with kicks and punches. The money they earned from the concert was ordered to be given back or else they can not leave the country. After the incident in the Philippines in 1966, outrage of criticisms for the Beatles grew wider. United States, where they had a huge popularity and success, cried foul.Social conservatives and religious leaders were pissed by their pronouncements. â€Å"On July 31, 1966, John Lennon’s comments on the state of Chr istianity – made in March, but only lately picked up in the U. S. – spark protests and record burnings on the eve of the Beatles’ 1966 American tour (Webmaster 2007) †. â€Å"While on March 1, 1966, London’s ‘Evening Standard’ publishes an interview with John Lennon in which he states that the Beatles are â€Å"more popular than Jesus now. † The comment provokes several protests, including the burning of Beatles records (Webmaster 2007)†.Lennon then apologised for the words he had spoken. The national apology was done during their concert which turned out to be their last. The group was also partly to be blamed for America’s problem on youth regarding drug addiction. They were saying things that there is a thing as open use of drugs. As they were idolized, fans followed them. They also launch anti-Americanism. The group never performed again in The US. They got back to the studio to record their songs. There was no formal break up but a sort of â€Å"shying away† from the limelight stuff. They had fewer television guestings.The woes continued as the band manager allegedly killed himself from drug overdose. The group never came close to their standing before. Tons of fans, record sales and the hype were all gone. They are just hoping they can win all them back. Their recordings were never their songs before. People are irritated now to their music as albums which came lately were uneasy to hear. Abbey Road album was focused on dirty lyrics. They maintained their integrity as a band but not the popularity they had before The band also used some advanced gadgets to enhanced their melodies.â€Å"Disputes, disagreements and disharmony among band members had been gradually increasing, become especially apparent during the White Album recording sessions. The band's last performance together outside the studio (a promotional event on the roof of Apple Studios) came in January 1969. Their last recording session (for Abbey Road) followed in August (white 2008)†. â€Å"On January 30, 1969, The Beatles make their last performance as a group on the roof of the Apple building during the filming of ‘Let It Be’(Webmaster 2007)†. â€Å"The band's breakup was announced in April 1970, a month before Let It Be was released.Documents filed on December 31, 1970 officially ended the legal entity known as The Beatles (White 2008)†. â€Å"On April 10, 1970, Paul McCartney announced his departure from the Beatles, and the group quietly came to an end. Throughout the Seventies, fans hoped for an eventual reunion, while the group members pursued solo careers with varying degrees of artistic and commercial success (White 2008)†. â€Å"In addition to the 23 albums (counting soundtracks and separate US and UK releases) released during the band's life (1960-1970) there have been more than 150 compilations, recorded interviews and videos issued.Hundreds o f books have been written about their personal lives, their music, and their influence on pop culture and rock music. Their original record label, EMI and the Guinness Book of World Records estimate that more than 1-billion Beatles albums, singles and CDs have been sold worldwide. Authentic Beatles memorabilia continues to command huge sums. Recently an audio tape of a 1974 interview with Lennon sold at auction for more than $38,000. At the same auction, McCartney's handwritten lyrics for â€Å"Maxwell's Silver Hammer† brought $192,000 (White 2008)†.â€Å"On December 8, 1980, John Lennon is shot by a deranged assailant as he and Yoko return to the Dakota after a recording session. He is pronounced dead at Roosevelt Hospital (Webmaster 2007)†. It was first thought that it was a fan who got disappointed at the group. The group will never be a band again. After long years of the break up, their marketing group of record producers released albums and singles never be fore heard. These songs were never performed live in front of audiences. They were only done in the studios and the only other time that they were intact as a band. Still, the records reap rewards.They also posted record sales for a band not anymore active in the music scene. The fans still loved them for what they have done in the past. They listened to them in the post Beatles, John Lennon era. Their actual fame lasted for over a decade but their legacy and memory lived on. Must have been better after they were gone. Surely, the fans missed them and really wanting them back. The members parted ways and had their individual careers. â€Å"John Lennon released seven albums between 1970 and 1980, the last one just three weeks before he was murdered, at age 40, outside his New York City apartment in December 1980.An additional album, Milk and Honey, was released (in 1984) after Lennon's death. George Harrison released a dozen solo albums (and two with the Traveling Wilburys) and prod uced films through his company, Handmade Films. Harrison died of cancer at the age of 58 in November 2001. Ringo Starr has released nearly two dozen albums and appeared in about the same number of films since the breakup of The Beatles. He continues to tour every few years with his All Starr Band. Paul McCartney has been the most prolific ex-Beatle as a solo artist, with his late wife, Linda and with his band Wings.He continues to tour and record, and is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the most successful musician and contemporary songwriter in history (White 2008)†. It was fame who killed this extraordinary group. They were the best at their times. They were praised and worshipped. Fans treated them as first class humans and wanting to see them every time. They were more popular in the country they were visiting that its president. They launch the music industry to the world. Many revolutions were brought about by their success. This group stand out from the o thers.They had set the standards for live acts and airwave category. They even surpassed cinema actors in terms of wooing the female fans. What really brought them down was their ego and so much of self confidence. Much of the blame was not focused on a single member but to the whole band because all agree to what was relayed to the media and to the listeners who were their patrons. They should never get into the act like they were gods and immortal. They thought that the bright lights will always be on them for the rest of the way. It is not always like that. Things change, and all people change based on certain circumstances.Their personalities were different after getting so much adulation and getting lauded by people for almost all of the time. If the pronouncements had not happened, they will still be a band and could have lasted for more decades. This is the problem when people got carried by fame and fortune, they tend to forget who they are and likely will turn out to be a n egatively changed person. They certainly reaped the fruits of their labor but the honor will forever be in doubt. The Beatles’ will forever be remembered as the struggling Quarrymen up to the time they played their last song.After all what happened, they will always be the Beatles that the world listened to and the owner of the songs that played melodies into hearts of music lovers. Bibliographies: Webmaster. â€Å"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum Web Pages: Inductee: The Beatles. † (2007), http://www. rockhall. com/inductee/the-beatles. White, Dave. â€Å"Beatlemania. † (2008), http://classicrock. about. com/od/beatles/a/beatles_history_3. htm. Spangler, Jay. † Beatles Ultimate Experience: Beatles Interview: Returning to London from Manila 7/8/66. † (1966), http://www. geocities. com/~beatleboy1/db1966. 0708. beatles. html.